An article written by researchers at Yale University in 2000.

Abstract:

"Our paper analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of a subfield of industrial ecology called integrated bio-systems (IBS). Consistent with the principles of industrial ecology, the goal of an IBS is to reduce pollution by transforming linear material flows into closed, cyclical processes that produce value-added product. The presence of large, concentrated quantities of compost, generated as a residue during the mushroom growing process, creates an opportunity to develop innovative on-farm uses for this material. We consider two potential options: (1) a mushroom farm/mycorrhizae IBS; and (2) a mushroom/biogas recovery IBS."